Battery structure
Number of views：18600 Time：2018-03-15
The battery consists of a positive electrode plate, an a negative plate, a partition, an electrolyte, a housing, a battery cover, a polar pile, and the like.
1. Polar plate
The plate is the core of the battery. During the battery charge, the conversion of electrical energy and chemical energy is achieved by electrochemical reactions in the electrolytic solution by the active material on the electrolyte by positive and negative electrode plates.
The battery polar plate is divided into, the negative electrode plate, is composed of a grid and an active material. The active substance is filled on a grid of lead-borne alloy, and the active substance on the positive electrode plate is browned, the active substance on the negative electrode plate is a blue gray sponge lead (PB). At present, the domestic battery polar plate thickness is 1.6 ~ 2.4 mm.
In order to increase the capacity of the battery, the plurality of pieces, the negative electrode plate are usually connected in parallel, welded with a cross plate. When installing, the positive and negative plates are fitted with each other, insert the separator in the middle, constitute a positive and negative plate group. At the same time, it is cast on the horizontal plate to connect each monobi battery.
In each monobi battery, the number of negative electrode plates is a total of more than the positive electrode plate. For example, the 6 Q1105-type battery used in Dongfeng EQL090 car, with a positive electrode plate in each monlilate, an a negative plate of 8 pieces. This is because the positive electrode plate is strong than the negative electrode plate, and the active material on the positive electrode plate is relatively loose, in order to prevent the positive electrode plate discharge unevenness to cause the active material to fall off, so the positive electrode is made when manufacturing The board is between the negative plate.
2. Partition
In order to avoid positive, the negative diode is in contact with each other, and the positive and negative plate is separated from the insulating partition. The separator has porous properties to facilitate electrolyte penetration, reducing the internal resistance of the battery. In addition, its chemical stability is good, with acid resistance and oxidation resistance. The material of the commonly used separator has wood, microporous rubber, microporous plastic (polyvinyl chloride, phenolic resin), glass fiber, etc., and the thickness of the separator is about 1 mm.
3. Electrolyte
The effect of the electrolyte is an electrochemical reaction that occurs on the active substance on the plate, and performs electrical energy and chemical mutual conversion. It is a density of 1.84 g / cm. The chemical pure sulfuric acid and density were 1 g / cm. Distilled water is formed by a proportion. The density of the electrolyte is generally 1.23 to 1.30 ∥cm3, and the density of the use should be determined according to the requirements of the region, climate conditions and manufacturing plants.
It should be noted in use, the corrosion of the electrolyte is extremely strong, splashing to the skin or in the eyes. If the battery electrolyte should be rinsed immediately with soda, the acid solution should be rinsed with cold water or medical eye rinner immediately, and then dispose of.
4. shell
The battery case is used to hold the electrolyte and polar plate. Most of the strength, toughness, acid, acid resistance, heat resistance is good than the hard rubber, the production process is simple, the production efficiency is high, the shape is beautiful, the cost is low, Transparent and easy to observe the liquid level height.
The electromotive force generated by a set of battery positive and negative electrode plates is 2V, which is to obtain a 6V or 12V electromotive force, and the battery needs to be connected in series, so that the entire housing is made into 3 or 6 when manufacturing the battery case. A single-handed single-fold, install 3 groups or 6 sets of electrode plates, and a battery forming 6V or 12V is formed.
5. Battery cover
Battery cover is used to enclose the battery, there are two kinds of hard rubber cover and polypropylene plastic cover. The battery cover should be strictly fitted with the outer casing to completely separate each single.
6. Link
The joint strip is used to connect the battery of the battery, which is made of pure lead. Traditional joints are installed outside the battery housing, not only waste materials, which is easily damaged, which also leads to battery self-discharge, so this connection is being replaced by the wall-type. When connecting a monobi battery with a wall-type, the joint strip is small and is located inside the battery.
Sign in. Polar pile
After the battery of the battery is connected in series, the positive and negative piles of the two ends do out of the battery cover for connecting the outer circuit.
Positive pile label "" or shared red, negative pile label "one" or blue, green, etc. Battery polar piles are cast in lead antimony alloy.
8. Fenders
The protective plate is typically made of a 1mm thick rubber plate or plastic plate filled with a small hole, covering the upper surface of the plate group, the protective plate is not touched, and prevents the metal to short the plate.
9. Hole cover
For the convenience of the electrolytic solution, the ordinary lead battery has a plurality of conjunction holes. There is a vent hole on the mixing hole to facilitate the discharge of H2 and O produced by chemical reactions to avoid accidents. The maintenance-free battery has a catalytic device internally, which can not only avoid overflow of water vapor, but also reduce water consumption.
10. Seal
The ordinary lead battery is filled with a fused sealing in the gap between the outer casing and the battery cover. Its function is to seal the gap to prevent electrolyte overflow. Several of various batteries prepared to disintegrate.
